If I were to guess, I would say that Estonia is doing pretty well security-wise. The biggest problem I have heard discussed in the general media, is the security of e-voting. However, it mostly seemed to be one party accusing everyone else of cheating and in the end did not bring any real conclusions, only mostly funny and ridiculous lists of why e-voting is bad (Source 1).
Looking at the NCSI (National Cyber Security Index) it seems that Estonia is doing quite well for itself. We are currently on the 5th place. What baffles me a bit is how Greece is in the first place - I have never heard of them dominating that field. When looking at Digital Development Level, Estonia ranks 20th. Not too bad, but definitely not great for a nation that is trying to uphold the image of being one of the most digitally advanced countries worldwide. (Source 2)
When looking at the data more closely, it seems that Estonia mostly scores maximum points, or looses a lot in certain spots.
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| Screenshot of NCSI comparison webpage: Incident and Crisis Management Indicators |
As can be seen in the picture above, Estonia lost 3 points due to the lack of a cybercrime unit.
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| Screenshot of NCSI comparison webpage: Education and Professional Development |
Here the NCSI has pointed out the lack of a PhD programme for cyber security. In general, it seems that NCSI has done a great job analyzing Estonia´s cyber capabilities (they are also originated in Estonia:)).
To conclude, it seems that my assumptions were true - Estonia is well-developed in regards to cyber security. Of course, those who desire a PhD in Cyber Security must obtain their education from elsewhere or settle with some other PhD programme.
Source 1 (Mentioning the list of problems with e-voting): https://web.archive.org/web/20200810060230/https://www.mkm.ee/et/uudised/tooruhm-tegi-ettepanekud-e-haaletamise-susteemi-taiendamiseks-ning-edasiseks-arendamiseks
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